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Additional Sources of Uranium are: Soil, Water, Air, Food Additional Effects of Uranium on Humans are: Uranium is radioactive, transforms to thorium, radon, radium each also radioactive, Kidney disease, Cancer (sarcoma) |
Uranium Uranium is a health hazard only if it is taken into the body. External exposure is generally not a major concern because uranium emits only a small amount of low-energy gamma radiation. While uranium-235 has a much higher gamma component than either uranium-234 or uranium-238, uranium-235 only comprises about 2% of the total activity of natural uranium. The primary means of exposure are ingestion of food and water containing uranium isotopes and inhalation of uranium-contaminated dust. Ingestion is usually the exposure of concern unless there is a nearby source of airborne dust, such as a uranium mine or mill. Because uranium is absorbed much more readily if inhaled rather than ingested, both exposure routes can be important. The major health concern is kidney damage caused by the chemical toxicity of soluble uranium compounds. That effect can be reversible depending on the level of exposure. (Uranium has also been implicated in reproductive effects in laboratory animals and developmental effects in young animals, but it is not known if these problems exist for humans.) A second concern is for uranium deposited in bone, which can lead to bone cancer as a result of the ionizing radiation associated with its radioactive decay products. |